LHC beam-beam wire compensator impedance contribution

The mitigation of long-range beam-beam interactions remains a critical challenge for maximizing the luminosity performance of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Previous experimental studies have demonstrated that long-range beam-beam wire compensation can effectively counteract long range beam-beam interactions, leading to enhanced beam lifetime and increased integrated luminosity. A direct-current (DC) wire compensator has been successfully prototyped and thermo-mechanically validated at reduced scale. This investigation provides a characterization of the beam-coupling impedance contributions of the proposed compensator device, quantifying both beam-induced heating and implications for beam stability. Critical aspects of the design have been identified and impedance reduction strategies have been applied, taking into consideration constraints due to compatibility requirements with existing LHC systems during the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase. The study shows that, while further optimizations may be pursued, no fundamental impedance-related showstoppers have been identified for the implementation of wire compensation.