Utilization of Artificial Intelligence and Augmented Reality in Sustainable Architecture Learning: A Literature Review

Advances in digital technology have opened up new opportunities in architectural education, particularly in promoting the understanding and application of sustainability principles. This article reviews the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Augmented Reality (AR) in learning sustainable architecture over the period 2020-2025. The study results show that the integration of AI, such as ChatGPT and generative design tools, can improve the efficiency of the design process and enrich the exploration of green design concepts. Meanwhile, the use of AR - both in the form of educational games such as EduCITY and building performance visualization applications - proved to deepen students' spatial understanding of sustainability principles. This study concludes that the synergy of AI and AR can create a more interactive, contextualized, and solution-oriented architecture learning experience. This study adopts a literature review of scientific publications from 2020–2025 to explore trends, benefits, and challenges of AI and AR in sustainable architecture education. A systematic curriculum implementation strategy is needed so that these technologies can be widely adopted and have an impact on the quality of architecture graduates. The study is limited to recent literature and lacks long-term implementation analysis, suggesting the need for further research on curriculum development and interdisciplinary collaboration.