Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as a Sustainable Strategy for Diabetes Management

The therapeutic potential and biocompatibility of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have made them a promising nanomaterial for treating diabetes. This study examines various green synthesis techniques for producing ZnO nanoparticles, with a focus on their application in diabetes treatment. Natural extracts, plants, microbes, and other green synthesis methods are gaining popularity due to their low environmental impact and competitive pricing. ZnO NPs' size, shape, surface charge, and biocompatibility are only a few of the physicochemical aspects and distinctive features contributing to their potency in treating diabetes. The review includes a comprehensive examination of the synthesis processes, aiming on the function of environmentally friendly precursors and their effect on the final characteristics of ZnO NPs. The potential of ZnO NPs as an antidiabetic is also highlighted; specifically, it is clarified how these nanoparticles might help reduce hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress, which are important factors in maintaining healthy blood sugar levels. ZnO NPs' ability to improve treatment results and decrease medication doses when used with standard antidiabetic medicines is being investigated. Critical assessments of the safety and toxicity of ZnO NPs are provided, along with responses to concerns and recommendations for mitigating such effects. The review also identifies promising areas for further study and development in the realm of green-synthesized ZnO NPs for the treatment of diabetes. The increasing understanding of ZnO NPs and the development of green synthesis methods bode well for their potential impact in the creation of novel and effective treatment approaches for diabetes management.