MXenes as Tunable Platforms for Next‐Gen Photocatalysts: A Review on Composition–Structure–Performance Elucidation

Abstract The fields of MXene chemistry and applications are currently experiencing rapid growth, with MXene‐based photocatalysts being a notable area of development. Numerous studies show the potential of using MXenes as an alternative to noble metal‐based cocatalysts. Furthermore, the wide variety in MXene composition, structure, and terminations allows for the tuning of MXene properties for a special reaction, thereby enhancing the photocatalyst performance in comparison to traditional metal‐based cocatalysts. However, the complex chemistry of MXenes has not yet allowed us to formulate requirements for the nature of an “ideal” MXene for photocatalytic applications. Herein, we review recent advances in MXenes for photocatalytic processes, especially for solar energy conversion, and propose structural features that are likely to contribute most to enhancing photocatalytic activity. Additionally, the potential of modern X‐ray‐based research techniques to disclose the structural features of MXene is discussed, encompassing both the benefits and constraints of these methods. Finally, promising directions for further research are given.