Thermal Energy Storage Enhancement Using Phase Change Materials: Design, Analysis, and Applications

Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have emerged as a promising solution for efficient thermal energy storage due to their high latent heat capacity and ability to maintain nearly constant temperature during phase transition. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the selection, design, and performance evaluation of PCMs for applications in building energy efficiency, solar thermal systems, and thermal regulation of electronic devices. Experimental testing and numerical modeling were employed to analyze thermal conductivity, melting/solidification behavior, and energy storage density. The results demonstrate that integrating PCMs with suitable encapsulation methods significantly improves thermal stability, reduces peak energy loads, and enhances system efficiency. This research highlights the importance of selecting PCMs with optimized melting points, thermal conductivity enhancers, and sustainable materials for maximizing the benefits of thermal energy storage systems.