Determinants, Constraints, and Prospects of Organic Farming Adoption among Farmers in Jabalpur District of Madhya Pradesh: A Causal-Comparative Study

Abstract— Aims: To comprehensively analyze the socio-economic status of farmers in Jabalpur district and to identify, quantify, and prioritize challenges faced by farmers in adopting organic farming practices, while suggesting evidence-based measures for improvement. Study Design: An causal-comparative research design with mixed-method approach was employed for this study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh, India, spanning from January 2022 to December 2024. Methodology: The research was conducted using a multi-stage random sampling technique across 12 villages (4 from each block) in Panagar, Sihora, and Shahpura blocks of Jabalpur district. Twenty-five farmers from each village were randomly selected, totaling 300 respondents. Advanced statistical tools including percentage analysis, mean, weighted mean score, Garrett's ranking technique, chi-square test, correlation analysis, and constraint analysis were employed for comprehensive data analysis. Results: The study revealed that most farmers belonged to the middle-aged group (61.3%, n=184) and were predominantly from Other Backward Castes (38.0%, n=114), followed by General category (30.0%, n=90) and Scheduled Castes (22.0%, n=66). The majority practiced Hinduism (86.3%) and lived in joint families (68.3%). Garrett's ranking analysis identified lack of technical knowledge and guidance as the primary constraint (mean score: 72.45), followed by labor-intensive operations (mean score: 68.32) and high certification costs (mean score: 65.18). Chi-square analysis revealed significant associations between education level and adoption of organic practices (χ² = 18.47, p < 0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated positive relationships between farm size and diversification of organic crops (r = 0.486, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The study establishes that organic farming adoption in Jabalpur district is significantly constrained by systemic barriers including inadequate extension services, complex certification procedures, and limited market integration. However, statistical analysis reveals substantial potential for expansion among educated, middle-aged farmers with moderate landholdings. Strategic interventions targeting identified constraints can accelerate sustainable agricultural transition in the region.