Portugal coastal erosion monitoring system using unmanned aerial vehicles and aerial photogrammetry

Coastal erosion poses significant challenges to the sustainability of vulnerable regions, particularly in Portugal, one of the most impacted countries in Europe. This study used Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-based photogrammetry to monitor and analyze coastal erosion across seven sites, with diverse geomorphological features such as sandy beaches and rocky cliffs. High-precision Digital Surface Models (DSMs) were generated using aerial imagery captured across multiple missions. Elevation differences between DSMs were analyzed to identify erosion spots and sediment displacement patterns. Results of this study offer valuable tools for government agencies and policymakers for managing coastal environments. • Used UAVs and photogrammetry to monitor coastal erosion across seven Portuguese sites over 16 months. • Created Digital Surface Models via Structure from Motion to map elevation and sediment changes. • Studied erosion across beaches, cliffs, and estuaries to understand coastal change in western Portugal • Conducted 4–10 month UAV missions revealing short-term and seasonal erosion patterns. • Identified high-risk erosion zones and provided tools for government agencies and policymakers in Portugal.