SHEIKH NURU'D-DIN RISHI: MESSENGER OF PEACE AND UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD

The late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries marked a transformative period in the socio-religious and cultural history of the Kashmir Valley, driven by the emergence of the indigenous Rishi order. Founded by Sheikh Nuru’d-din Rishi, this mystic movement emphasized universal brotherhood, transcending sectarian boundaries, and encouraged the acquisition of Islamic Shariah knowledge to address daily life challenges. The Rishi order promoted ethical conduct, charity, and social welfare, advocating unity, peace, and prosperity for all, including marginalized groups. Its teachings emphasized honest livelihoods, the moral significance of agricultural labor, environmental stewardship through tree planting, self-denial, and voluntary poverty. Fasting was encouraged as a means of self-discipline and control over personal desires. This study highlights the enduring impact of the Rishi order in shaping ethical, social, and cultural norms in Kashmir, illustrating a holistic approach to spiritual and communal life.