Estimation of Plant Development Stages for 11 Crops under Lithuanian Conditions Based on the Sum of Growing Degree Days (GDD)

This dataset and accompanying report present the results of a three-year study (2023–2025) conducted at the LAMMC Institute of Agriculture, Lithuania, on the use of Growing Degree Days (GDD) to characterise crop development stages for 11 major Lithuanian crops under local climatic conditions. Field experiments were carried out under diverse agronomic practices to monitor crop phenology from germination to physiological maturity. The study provides GDD-based thresholds for each phenological stage of key crops including cereals, legumes, and oilseed rape. These results demonstrate that GDD accumulation is a reliable predictor of crop development under Lithuanian conditions and offer a practical framework for improving crop management timing, variety selection, and adaptation to climate variability.