Mobility patterning during the Neolithic and the Bronze Age in north-central Myanmar

This study examines patterns of human mobility between two archaeological sites in north-central Myanmar during the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age (late 2nd to early 1st millennium BC). By analysing strontium isotope ratios in an interindividual as well as an intraindividual approach, we reveal that individual mobility was more pronounced during the Neolithic period (larger range of strontium isotope ratios), likely linked to the exploitation of a broader subsistence area. In contrast, the Bronze Age shows a shift towards smaller mobility, with the majority of individuals exhibiting local strontium isotopic compositions. Notably, a small number of individuals with distinct strontium isotopic signatures were associated with unique funerary practices. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to subsistence strategies and cultural transformations between the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. This research offers valuable insights into mobility, subsistence, and social dynamics in late prehistoric Myanmar, contributing to broader discussions within the contexts of Mainland Southeast Asia and southern China. • Oakaie 1 and HL29 are late prehistoric sites in Myanmar (late 2nd to early 1st millennium BC). • They represent the late Neolithic and the Bronze Age. • Neolithic individuals shows a larger strontium isotopes variation than the Bronze age ones. • Strontium isotope ratio provide an insight of the mobility pattern in ancient Myanmar.