NODES - SPOKE 6 Project VINO - D6.2 Numerical model/digital twin model for water management in vineyards, best practices for multi-functional irrigation systems and guidelines for optimal small water reservoir design

the document presents the numerical and digital twin model for vineyard water management, alongside best practices for multifunctional irrigation systems and guidelines for optimal small water reservoir design. The first part describes the development of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic “rain-on-grid” numerical model (based on tools such as HEC-RAS 2D) capable of simulating rainfall–runoff processes, infiltration, and irrigation dynamics at both basin and vineyard scales. Integrated with IoT sensors, GIS, and remote-sensing data, this model forms the core of a digital twin that enables real-time, data-driven management of vineyard water resources under variable climate conditions. The second part provides technical and practical guidance for designing and implementing small reservoirs and multifunctional irrigation systems in vineyards, focusing on the Oltrepò Pavese region. It addresses site selection, geological and hydrogeological characterization, structural design, regulatory requirements, and sustainable management practices. The document emphasizes the role of small reservoirs in climate adaptation, soil conservation, and biodiversity enhancement, while promoting precision agriculture, renewable energy integration, and advanced monitoring technologies. Together, these methodologies contribute to resilient, efficient, and sustainable water management strategies for viticulture in the context of climate change. This document is a deliverable of the project VINO ("VIneyard management for viNeprOduction"), which proposes research for sustainable innovation supported by the digitalisation of the wine sector with the primary objective of creating new solutions and readapting existing practices to cope with the effects of climate change in viticulture. This document is part of the project NODES which has received funding from the MUR – Missione 4, Componente 2, Investimento 1.5 – Creazione e rafforzamento di “Ecosistemi dell’innovazione”, costruzione di “leader territoriali di R&S'' – del PNRR funded by the European Union - NextGenerationEU with grant agreement no. ECS00000036