Perceived Effects of Diversification on Cocoa Farmers’ Livelihood in Ondo State, Nigeria

This study examined the perceived effects of diversification on cocoa farmers’ livelihood in Ondo State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used in collecting data from 180 cocoa farmers through the use of an interview schedule and structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using percentage, mean and Pearson's Product-Moment Correlation. The findings revealed that the majority (70%) of the respondents were moderately diversified to mitigate risks and enhance income stability. The major factors influencing diversification were the need to sustain or improve living conditions (x? = 3.20), climatic conditions (x? = 3.13), and farm size (x? = 3.13). The major effects of diversification on the livelihood of the cocoa farmers were increased income (x? = 2.61), improved living conditions (x? = 2.39), and increased output (x? = 2.38). Diversification was found to enhance income stability and food security, as well as increase resilience to external shocks. Farmers should be encouraged to adopt ICT and digital tools as a means of livelihood by establishing subsidized training programs and demonstration centres to this effect. Also, extension services should be strengthened by increasing funding and equipping them with the necessary resources for better operation.