Evaluation of the Japanese version of precrastination behavior scale: Examination of validity and reliability

This study developed the Japanese version of precrastination behavior scale and examined its validity and reliability. A total of 13 items were initially developed based on a hypothesized three-factor structure by referencing items used in previous studies. Two surveys were conducted with Japanese employees, separated by a three-week interval (Study1, N = 316; Study2, N = 108). Factor analysis yielded a final set of nine items, confirming the stable three-factor structure. Correlations were observed with conscientiousness and neuroticism, indicating associations with personality traits, consistent with previous findings. Additionally, the results indicated that procrastination and precrastination are not simply opposite constructs. Correlations with impulsivity, self-control, and future orientation supported the validity of the scale. However, the limited test-retest stability suggests the need for further refinement to enhance the scale's reliability. The weak correlation with extraversion and agreeableness, which diverged from prior studies, may reflect sociocultural influences. Future research will include international comparisons of precrastination behavior. • This study developed the Japanese version of precrastination behavior scale, the three-factor structure “starting early”, “paying an extra cost”, and “reducing cognitive load”, was confirmed. • Precrastinatory behavior was positively associated with conscientiousness. • Precrastination behavior showed a unique association with neuroticism. • The results indicated that procrastination and precrastination are not simply opposite constructs. • Correlations with impulsivity, self-control, and future orientation supported the scale’s validity.