THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ON THE ACCELERATION OF DESERTIFICATION PROCESSES IN THE NAVOI REGION

Desertification is one of the most critical environmental problems in arid and semi-arid regions of Uzbekistan, and the Navoi region is among the areas most severely affected. This study investigates the impact of economic activities — including agriculture, industry, and livestock farming — on the acceleration of desertification in the Navoi region between 2010 and 2024. Using a combination of satellite remote sensing (Landsat 7 and 8), field observations, and statistical analysis, the research identifies significant ecological changes caused by human intervention. The results revealed a steady decline in vegetation cover, as shown by a 28% reduction in the NDVI index, and an increase in soil salinity levels by over 100% during the study period. Expansion of irrigated lands and industrial zones has contributed to soil degradation, salinization, and loss of biodiversity. The findings emphasize the urgent need for sustainable land management strategies, including rational water use, reforestation with drought-resistant plants, and rotational grazing systems. The study concludes that integrating environmental monitoring with regional economic planning is essential to mitigate the negative effects of human activities and ensure ecological stability in the Navoi region.