Unilateral complete duplication of ureter and duplex kidney: A case report

Duplication of ureters is an uncommon congenital anomaly of the excretory system. Previous necropsy studies have showed its incidence ranging from 0.8% to 5%. Duplicated ureter (partial or complete) associated with double pelvicalyceal system draining the single renal parenchyma is known as duplex kidney. Here we report a rare case of complete duplication of the right ureter with two renal pelvises during routine cadaveric dissection of 1st MBBS, in an approximately 65 years old male cadaver. The ureters showed separate openings in the urinary bladder. Complete duplication of ureter with duplex kidney is a rare congenital anomaly. It is associated with various diseases like vesicoureteral reflux, urinary tract infection, nephrolithiasis, ureterocele, etc. The diagnosis of this congenital malformation is difficult due to the mild nature of the disease and hence may remain unrecognised. Clinicians must be aware of this variation for successful diagnosis and management of diseases.