Digital Peer Support Interventions for Mental Health Literacy in Young People: A Systematic Review

Abstract Background Technology-based peer support is seen as one promising element in tackling the global mental health crisis. Moreover, health literacy is known to empower individuals to take greater control of their health. This review is part of a larger research project and focuses on mental health-related interventions including peer support and health literacy components in digital environments. It aims to identify the types, potential effects, and user experiences associated with these interventions. Methods Data was collected from databases (n = 8; PsycINFO, Web of Science, SocIndex, Scopus, ASSIA, PubMed, CINAHL) using keywords and MeSH terms such as ‘digital environment,’ ‘peer support’, and “health literacy” with their synonyms. The data were extracted into a table. Results Both qualitative and quantitative studies (n = 11) were included in the review. The interventions targeted both young people with and without mental health struggles. Interventions included, e.g., e-learning platforms, apps, games, peer forums, blogs, professionally moderated websites, and hybrid models. Interventions were associated with increased referrals to services, improved perceptions of social support, ehanced mental health knowledge, self-esteem and confidence, and reduced stigma, e.g. through blogging and peer-based activities. Young people valued autonomy, personalization, and anonymity, and found chat functions and peer experiences helpful. However, engagement often declined after the first weeks, and technical issues, among other factors, reduced user satisfaction. Additionally, some interventions did not produce significant improvements in self-efficacy or mental health knowledge. Conclusions Digital peer support interventions have the potential to improve mental health-related outcomes, increase health literacy, and promote social support among young people. Further research is warranted to explore how to sustain user engagement and assess the long-term effects on mental health. Key messages • Digital peer support interventions can enhance mental health outcomes, improve health literacy, and foster social support. • Future research should maintain engagement, improve technical aspects, and assess long-term impact.