SUMMARY ANALYSIS OF THE FEATURES OF FORMATION AND PROSPECTS OF USING GYPSUM-CONTAINING WASTE AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO NATURAL GYPSUM RAW MATERIALS

Gypsum-based products are in high demand in the construction materials market due to a certain set of their positive properties. Despite large reserves of natural gypsum raw materials around the world, gypsum-containing waste from various industrial enterprises has a certain prospect as an alternative to natural resources. The purpose of this review was to analyze gypsum-containing waste from various industrial enterprises from the standpoint of the technological process of formation, volumes of formation, textural and morphological features and impurities, as well as the prospects for use as an alternative to natural gypsum raw materials. Eight types of gypsum-containing waste with the highest tonnage according to Chinese researchers were used as objects. An analysis of each of the wastes was carried out within the framework of global production volumes and production in Russia, which showed that the waste generation scheme and the importance of their processing in the Russian Federation, in China and in the world as a whole differ. The most representative in Russia are by-products of mineral acid production - phosphogypsum, fluorine anhydrite / fluorogypsum, borogypsum, the largest number of publications are devoted to the issues of disposal of these wastes. At the same time, the issues of utilization of desulphurized gypsum from flue gases (sulphogypsum), which is the most “clean” and large-tonnage gypsum-containing waste in Russia, are given extremely little attention, and for some wastes (nitro gypsum, titanium, salt gypsum) information is practically absent.