Gender differences in healthcare experience: evidence from Hong Kong hospital surveys (2010-2020)

Abstract Background Understanding potential gender disparities in patient experiences is critical for promoting health equity. In Hong Kong, where healthcare services are known for their accessibility and quality, it remains unclear whether males and females experience care differently. Methods This study conducted a secondary analysis of region-wide inpatient experience surveys collected between 2010 and 2020 in Hong Kong public hospitals. A total of 36,862 adult patients were included. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess gender differences in key domains of inpatient services. Results Among the respondents, 51.0% were male (n = 18,801) and 49.0% were female (n = 18,061). After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates including age, education, health status, multimorbidity, government allowance, employment, living status, and admission year, males were significantly less likely than females to report negative experiences across several care domains, including poor doctor and nurse interaction (aOR = 0.95 [95% CI: 0.95-1.00], p = .049), inadequate treatment information (aOR = 0.92 [95%CI: 0.87-0.97], p < .001), lack of emotional support (aOR = 0.90 [95%CI: 0.86-0.95], p < .001), insufficient pain management support (aOR = 0.85 [95%CI: 0.77-0.93], p < .001) and inadequate discharge information on danger signals (aOR = 0.93 [95%CI: 0.89-0.97], p < .001). Conclusions Findings reveal consistent gender disparities in inpatient experiences, with female patients more likely to report suboptimal care across multiple domains. These results underscore the need for gender-sensitive practices that address women's specific needs and health expectations, enhance communication and information to foster more inclusive and supportive healthcare environments. Key messages • Female patients consistently report less positive experiences of hospital care than males. • Gender-sensitive improvements are needed to promote equity and person-centred care in hospital care.