Gender Influence on Doctor Preference in General Surgery: A Qualitative Study

Abstract A wide range of examinations and treatments are provided in general surgery outpatient clinics. In this context, influenced by social, cultural and environmental factors, some patients tend to prefer the gender of their physician. This qualitative study aims to evaluate the impact of physician gender on patients’ preferences in a general surgery outpatient clinic. The research was conducted at a public university hospital in Istanbul with 24 patients (10 male, 14 female). Data were collected through in-depth, face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview form. Interviews were audio-recorded with consent, transcribed verbatim, coded in Microsoft Excel, and analyzed thematically. COREQ guidelines were followed, and ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Four main themes and nineteen sub-themes were identified: the role of gender in physician selection, treatment-related factors, social factors, and physician-related factors. Most patients preferred same-gender physicians. This preference was influenced by urgency, presence of a companion, upbringing, cultural background, and religious beliefs. Previous positive experiences with physicians of a certain gender also shaped choices. However, physician competence and reputation often outweighed gender considerations. Female physicians were described as caring and communicative; male physicians as sincere and understanding. In conclusion, physician gender plays a role in patient preferences, shaped by complex personal and socio-cultural factors. Recognizing these preferences can enhance healthcare delivery, patient satisfaction, and equity. The study highlights the importance of gender sensitivity and cultural awareness in patient-physician relationships. Key messages • Physician gender plays a role in patient preferences, shaped by complex personal and socio-cultural factors. • Recognizing these preferences may improve healthcare delivery and equity by promoting gender-sensitive and culturally aware patient-physician interactions.