Integrated Care Models for Severe Mental and Physical Health Disorders: A Scoping Literature Review

Abstract Background The co-occurrence of severe mental illnesses (SMI) and physical health issues requires integrated care models that address both effectively. While interest in this area is growing, recent syntheses remain limited. This scoping literature review (SLR) supports the EUropean Mental and Physical Health Initiative (EU-MIND) and aims to identify integrated care models for comorbid SMI and physical conditions with a focus on their key attributes, including technology and sustainability. Findings will inform subsequent EU-MIND phases, including a Delphi survey, financial impact assessment, and feasibility pilot studies. Methods Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo and gray literature up to November 2024. Data were analyzed using the SELFIE framework, categorizing findings by WHO health system components (service delivery, governance, workforce, financing, technologies, and information). Results We reviewed 21 systematic reviews on integrated care models, highlighting the effectiveness of coordinated mental and physical healthcare, particularly in community settings. Collaborative care and self-management interventions proved effective in reducing psychopathological and physical symptoms, improving quality of life, and lowering healthcare costs. Challenges included workforce training gaps, inconsistent financing, limited support for addressing social determinants, and scarce use of digital tools. Despite progress, challenges in fully integrating care systems persist across healthcare settings, underscoring the need to better understand stakeholder perspectives. Conclusions This SLR identified key components and gaps in integrated care for individuals with comorbid SMI and physical conditions. Addressing these gaps can foster more adaptive, sustainable, and patient-centered service delivery models across European healthcare systems.