Prevalence and Risk Factors of Prediabetes in Indonesian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study (2023)

Background: Prediabetes is an intermediate state of hyperglycemia which may elevate the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Prediabetes is also associated with stroke, coronary heart disease, retinopathy, and all-cause mortality.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of prediabetes along with the risk factors among the adult population in Indonesia. Materials and Methods:The study design was cross-sectional with secondary data from IHS 2023 interviews, measurements, and examinations.The study population consisted of adults (19-59 years).A total sample of 11,465 who had blood glucose test results was analyzed after weighted to the multivariate with Cox Regression.Results: The prevalence of prediabetes among adults in Indonesia was 47.5% (95% CI 51.2%-53.7%).Multivariate analysis showed that age (aPR=1.191;95% CI 1.133-1.252),educational level (aPR=1.081;95% CI 1.030-1.135),physical activity (aPR=1.175;95% CI 1.078-1.282),BMI (aPR=1.079;95% CI 1.018-1.144),central obesity (aPR=1.196;95% CI 1.127-1.270),hypertension (aPR=1.092;95% CI 1.029-1.159),LDL level (aPR=1.097;95% CI 1.042-1.155),and triglyceride level (aPR=1.074;95% CI 1.022-1.128)had a significant association with prediabetes across the adult population.Conclusions: Central obesity was the predominant factor.It is recommended to strengthen education and prediabetes screening before adulthood to prevent the development of prediabetes in adults.