ADHD, partnership status, and having a first child

Abstract Background Previous research has linked ADHD to interpersonal difficulties and short-lived romantic relationships, which may affect childbearing. We examine how ADHD is related to the likelihood of having a first child and the age at first birth, accounting for partnership status and the partner's ADHD. Methods We use Finnish total population register data for cohorts born between 1982 and 1993 (371,563 women; 387,867 men) and estimate event history models and linear models for the likelihood of having a child and the age at first birth. ADHD is measured using both diagnostic information (ICD-10 codes) from specialized health care registers and data on prescription medication purchases (ATC codes). These, together with co-residential partnership status, serve as the main explanatory variables. Results Preliminary findings indicate that ADHD is associated with a higher likelihood of having a child, but the association diminishes when partnership status is controlled. We also find that the age at first birth is lower among individuals with ADHD compared to those without. Conclusions We conclude that ADHD is positively associated with both the likelihood of having a child and an earlier age at first birth. Our results suggest that these associations are partly explained by differences in partnership behavior and timing of parenthood. Key messages • ADHD is positively associated with the likelihood of having a child and an earlier age at first birth. • Partnerships play a key role in the relationship between childbearing and ADHD.