A distribution network fault location method based on Kalman filter residual analysis and correction

It is impossible to obtain data in real time and accurately due to factors such as the limited number of sensing devices and the delays inherent in data transmission. This, in turn, has a detrimental effect on the accuracy of traditional fault location methods. The digital twin(DT) system for distribution grids possesses the characteristics of real-time tracking of grid operation and panoramic synchronous reflection of grid operation, rendering it an effective solution to the aforementioned problems. Consequently, this paper employs DT and residual correction methods for the identification of faults in distribution networks. Initially, a DT model of an IEEE 33-node distribution network was developed. Subsequently, employing the integrated Kalman residual analysis algorithm, the residuals of the DT and the distribution network at each node following the fault should be analyzed to ascertain the location of the fault section. Finally, the establishment of virtual fault locations within the fault section, in conjunction with the execution of weighted measurement residual comparisons, ensures the attainment of precise fault location. A series of pertinent exemplifications were established in order to ascertain the efficacy of the proposed methodology in a variety of fault types, fault locations and fault scenarios, including high-resistance grounding.