Occupational Accidents Among Healthcare Workers in Türkiye: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) are exposed to significant occupational risks, including sharp injuries, falls, hazardous substances, and violence. These accidents can lead to serious physical, psychological, and economic consequences for both individuals and health systems. Despite extensive research, the reported prevalence of occupational injuries varies across professional groups and regions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the overall prevalence of occupational injuries among HCWs in Türkiye and inform preventive strategies. Methods This study followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO. Five databases were searched using a standardized query. Inclusion criteria covered cross-sectional or descriptive studies on Turkish HCWs aged over 18. Data were extracted independently and quality was assessed using the JBI checklist. Data from 19 studies (n = 6,301) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis using R software. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using I² statistics, Egger's test, and the trim and fill method. Results The pooled prevalence of occupational injuries was 43.3% (95% CI: 33.9-52.8%, I² = 99.1%, p < 0.001). Most used face-to-face surveys and included diverse HCW groups. The prevalence ranged from 7.1% to 87.3%. After correcting for publication bias, the adjusted prevalence was 27.4%. Sharp object injuries and contact with contaminated fluids were the most frequent causes. Conclusions Occupational injuries remain alarmingly high among HCWs in Türkiye. These findings call for the implementation and strengthening of prevention strategies, including improved safety training, workplace safety protocols, and policy reforms. Emphasizing high-risk groups such as nurses and dentists is crucial for effective interventions. Data-driven public health strategies can significantly reduce occupational hazards and improve workforce sustainability. Key messages • Nearly half of Turkish healthcare workers experience occupational injuries, especially from sharps and contaminated fluids. • Improving training effectiveness and enforcing stronger policies are essential to reduce occupational injuries among HCWs.