Rationality And Trends For Antibiotics Prescription At Primary Health Care Centre:A Systemic Review

Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed medications in primary health care centres (PHCs) worldwide. However, inappropriate and irrational use has become a major contributor to the rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), posing a global public health challenge. This review explores the rationality and current trends in antibiotic prescription practices at PHCs, emphasizing the underlying factors influencing irrational use and highlighting strategies to promote rational prescribing. Studies reveal that overprescription often stems from diagnostic uncertainty, lack of diagnostic facilities, patient expectations, and time constraints faced by primary care physicians. The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) classification to guide rational antibiotic selection.Recent global data indicate rising antibiotic consumption in LMICs, with declining adherence to standard treatment guidelines. Effective interventions such as antibiotic stewardship programs, regular audits, continuous medical education, and the integration of rapid diagnostic tools have shown potential to reduce inappropriate prescriptions. Rational antibiotic use not only preserves therapeutic efficacy but also minimizes resistance development and healthcare costs. Strengthening prescribing policies, surveillance systems, and awareness among healthcare professionals and the community is essential to ensure sustainable antibiotic use at the primary care level.