Hierarchical voltage control strategy for wind farm combined with active wake control and reactive power margin enhancement

The voltage support capability of wind turbines (WTs) is closely related to its active power, while the active power distribution within a wind farm (WF) is affected by wake effects. To investigate the relationship between WT voltage support capability and active wake control (AWC), this paper presents a hierarchical voltage control strategy designed to improve the total active power generation of WF while ensuring safe and stable node voltages. The upper-level controller employs active wake control (AWC) combined with an optimization objective aimed at reactive power margin (RPM) enhancement, thereby providing optimal active power reference for the lower-level controller. In turn, the lower-level controller continuously regulates the WF node voltage in real time. Simulation results demonstrate that AWC not only improves the WF total active power generation but also yields a more balanced active power distribution, and the enhancement of RPM significantly improves the performance of voltage regulation.