Transforming Child Health with 5G: Digital Infrastructure Investments for Integrated Care

Abstract Background Infant mortality rates (IMRs) are key indicators of public health (PH). For years, the highest IMRs in the European Union (EU) have been recorded in Bulgaria's Southeast Region (SER), the country's largest administrative area (19,799 km²). PH analyses confirm that these IMRs stem from high teenage fertility rates, low literacy levels, limited access to pediatric care and child services, among other factors. All these PH challenges are addressed by a region-specific initiative for integrated child healthcare (project code BG16FFPR003-2.001-012), funded by the EU in 2024. It brings together the four SER districts- Burgas, Sliven, Yambol, and Stara Zagora, along with educational institutions, NGOs, public authorities, and the SER Digital Technology (DT) Hub. The 5G-investments in PH: This brief report outlines the initial DT infrastructure interventions launched in 2025 to enhance equity and healthcare access for remote SER communities. A 5G-network is being deployed in 34 distant settlements lacking pediatric care, enabling real-time connections with a 24/7 telephone hotline linked to the newly developed St. Anastasia Children's Hospital in the SER biggest town of Burgas. Additionally, 10 designated sites will host stationary healthcare centers, while specialized 5G-connected ambulances in the remaining 24 towns and villages will support remote pediatric consultations, routine check-ups, and emergency care. The project will facilitate high-speed data processing and real-time analysis of pediatric cases, enabling medical professionals to make faster, more informed decisions. Conclusions These 5G-interventions are expected to transform child healthcare in SER, reducing IMRs and promoting equity across EU Member States. By leveraging DT, the project enhances community-level connections, ensures timely public health interventions among rural and underserved populations, and fosters long-term improvements in pediatric care. Key messages • A new child health initiative is tackling The EU highest IMRs in Bulgaria’s SER by integrating digital health solutions for underserved communities. Thus, the project promotes equity across the EU. • Enhancing child healthcare through 5G-interventions in SER represents a sustainable PH investment. The EPH Conference offers a pivotal forum for knowledge exchange and collaborative discussion.