Drawing the line: A review on generative AI use in higher education

The rise of generative AI has created a shift in higher education, raising urgent questions about academic integrity, student learning, and ethical boundaries. As AI tools become mainstream, faculty and administrators face a dilemma: Should AI be integrated into teaching practices, carefully regulated, or restricted altogether? This review examines the current state of generative AI in higher education, identifies the associated risks and benefits, and explores both pedagogical strategies and institutional guidelines for ethical AI integration. Drawing on recent studies, this paper argues for a multilevel governance approach that emphasizes transparency, ethical awareness, and policies to balance innovation with integrity.