Nature connection supports psychological wellbeing among older adults in assisted living facilities

Abstract Background Contact with nature is a source of resilience, and nature-based interventions (NBIs) may support older adults’ health, wellbeing and self-efficacy. In the aging population, supporting intrinsic capacity is a central part of care, and psychological wellbeing (PWB) is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality. Health outcomes of NBIs depend on the surroundings and type of activity, but also on the individuals’ perceived nature connection. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional survey explores the association between nature connection and PWB among older adults (>55 years) in assisted living facilities (ALFs). The study is part of the H2020 RECETAS project. Participants are 854 residents in 25 ALFs in the metropolitan area of Helsinki, Finland. Background data were confirmed from records, while mobility and PWB were assessed using self-reported measures. Responders graded the importance of interacting with nature. Nature connection was assessed by the score of the 12-item Gerontological Nature Connection Scale (GNCS). Results Participants’ mean age was 83 years, multimorbidity was common, and 54% were diagnosed with dementia. The majority (96%) considered nature important. Variation in preferred ways to interact with nature emerged, as some built nature connection on psychological and social dimensions, but for others, accessing the outdoors was essential. Although 83% of the responders were interested in NBIs, we also recognized fear and apprehension. The GNCS score was associated with PWB, especially, with the domains of life-satisfaction, feeling needed, and zest for life. For responders with poor mobility, a higher nature connection score was related to better PWB. Conclusions Nature connection supports PWB especially when mobility is poor. Understanding individual needs is essential for effective and safe interventions. Key messages • Nature remains an important source of resilience in old age. • Our findings support the development of nature-based interventions as part of care for older adults.