Blinatumomab in the treatment of relapsed central nervous system ALL

Abstract Central nervous system (CNS) relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains an obstacle for long-term survival. Though chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) or hematopoietic stem cells transplant (HSCT) therapy was successfully developed, failure occasionally occurs. In this study, a child with TCF3-PBX1 B-ALL who relapsed a second time after CAR-T therapy followed by allo-HSCT was treated with blinatumomab therapy, bone marrow minimal residual disease negativity was confirmed with two weeks’ blinatumomab infusion. Subsequently, parenchymal infiltration improvement was achieved with additional 14 days’ blinatumomab-included targeted therapy. These results suggest that blinatumomab-included therapy is a potential treatment option for central nervous system B-ALL.