Adult Caregivers in Delaware: A Profile

Abstract Background Exploring the issues surrounding informal caregiving is essential for targeted interventions. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of caregivers and compare them to those of non-caregivers regarding health status. Methods We utilized population-based data from the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 3,640) to assess the initial characteristics of caregivers in Delaware. The data were adjusted according to population estimates to account for the complex sampling methodology. Results 18.5% (95% CI, 16.7%-20.4%) of respondents identified as caregivers. They were significantly more likely to be over 50 years old, female, white, and have higher incomes and health insurance. Among these caregivers, 34% cared for a parent, while 22% cared for a spouse. The most frequently reported diagnoses among care recipients were Alzheimer's disease (13%), followed by cancer and heart disease. When comparing caregivers to non-caregivers, a significantly higher proportion of caregivers reported fair or poor self-rated health, more frequent physical distress, increased mental distress, and dissatisfaction with life-compared to younger caregivers, those aged 65 or older reported a higher prevalence of fair or poor self-rated health and more frequent physical distress than caregivers aged 18 to 64. Conclusions Caregiving represents a significant public health issue. Delaware is one of the fastest-aging states, and caregiving trends are expected to increase. Understanding the characteristics of caregivers can enhance strategies that support this role, ultimately improving the quality of life for recipients. Key messages • Caregiving has received increased attention because family members have always been and will remain the primary providers of care for those with illnesses and disabilities. • It is essential to understand the characteristics of caregiving to guide and inform strategies as the population of Delaware ages.