A Comprehensive Review of Analytical Techniques for the Quantification of Metoprolol Succinate

Metoprolol succinate (MTS) is a β1-selective adrenergic receptor blocker widely used for the treatment of hypertension, arrhythmias, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. Due to its significant therapeutic role, the accurate quantification and analysis of metoprolol succinate are essential. Various analytical methods have been developed for its estimation in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms, including spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. This review explores different analytical methodologies for metoprolol succinate quantification, emphasizing spectrophotometric techniques and chromatography techniques. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) plays a crucial role in ensuring precise and reliable drug estimation. This review focuses on the significance of HPLC as the primary analytical technique for metoprolol succinate analysis. Among these, Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) is widely preferred due to its high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. Several validated RP-HPLC methods have been reviewed, detailing their mobile phase composition, column specifications, flow rate, detection wavelength, and validation parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ).