Challenges in infection prevention at health promotion events: a glucose testing incident in Ireland

Abstract Issue/problem At a series of health promotion events run by a clinical and social care service in the Dublin and Midlands region of Ireland, infection prevention and control (IPC) was compromised during blood glucose testing. At three events in 2024, single-person lancet devices were inadvertently reused on multiple individuals, comprising both service users and staff. The incident reflects potential broader gaps in IPC oversight for non-clinical settings, as well as specific risks associated with the shared use of single-person lancet devices. Description of the problem The IPC breach was identified after the events, requiring Public Health and virology input to assess the risk of bloodborne virus (BBV) transmission. A rapid literature review found risks of Hepatitis B and C virus transmission from inadequate IPC during glucometry, with minimal risk for HIV. A risk assessment was completed using these findings and expert input. Open disclosure was undertaken and BBV testing offered to all affected individuals. Of 220 attendees, approximately 120 had blood glucose testing. Among them, 25 staff and 7 service users agreed to BBV testing. Results No BBV infections were identified among the 32 individuals tested. However, the incident identified important gaps in training and IPC protocols for individuals conducting blood glucose testing at health promotion events. This incident highlights the need for strengthened IPC guidance for health promotion events and wider communication regarding the risks associated with the shared use of single-person lancet devices. Lessons This incident underscores the need for structured IPC protocols, training and risk communication beyond clinical environments, particularly in relation to blood glucose testing. Guidance for health promotion events should include IPC considerations. These lessons are applicable beyond Ireland and may inform similar health promotion events in other countries. Key messages • Guidance for health promotion events should include infection prevention and control considerations, particularly in relation to blood glucose testing. • Individuals performing blood glucose testing should be trained on the risks of bloodborne virus transmission associated with the improper use of glucometry equipment.