Optimal ESS allocation in ships with shaft generator systems using integrated SFC analysis

In ships with shaft generator (SHG) systems, optimizing the energy storage system (ESS) allocation is essential for improving efficiency and lowering emissions. The placement of ESS in PTO/PTI modes affects SHG system efficiency and emission reduction, influencing ESS planning’s economic feasibility. To resolve this challenge, this study performed a mechanistic analysis to assess how ESS location impacts efficiency and emissions, establishing a theoretical basis for ESS allocation optimization. A method was formulated to determine the optimal specific fuel consumption (SFC) surface across different operational conditions, incorporating ESS power transfer direction. Furthermore, an ESS allocation strategy was developed, integrating the SFC surface with the probability distribution of ship load power demands to ensure optimal ESS placement and sizing. Simulation tests validate the proposed strategy’s effectiveness.