Skiing in Mongolia: Historical Overview and Contemporary Development Trends

This study examines the policies and trends in the development of winter sports in Mongolia from a scientific perspective. The findings suggest that integrating sub-programs to promote winter sports among the general population is feasible without legislative amendments. Such initiatives can be implemented across all levels of government institutions and integrated into school curricula. Global warming has led to cancellations of regular competitions in European countries with advanced skiing programs, highlighting Mongolia’s potential to establish permanent world-class winter sports facilities due to its long winters. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 85.9% of deaths in Mongolia, with one in three individuals dying from cardiovascular disease and one in four from cancer (National Survey on NCDs and Risk Factors, 2019). Fitness assessments among 18–25-year-olds indicate that 49.8% are rated as C or D, with 9.7% of males and 10.7% of females receiving an “F” grade. Current physical education curricula in schools, vocational colleges, and universities inadequately address modern fitness needs (O. Battulga, 2024). Participation in skiing is highly effective in reducing NCD risks. Making skiing accessible to all citizens could mitigate the adverse health effects of urban winter pollution and physical inactivity for approximately 60% of the population. Mongolia’s climate and natural conditions are highly suitable for skiing. Archaeological evidence, including rock carvings documented by Ts. Purevdorj, indicates that skiing has ancient roots in Mongolia. Despite this, there is limited scientific research on the origin, evolution, and development of skiing in the country. This study aims to fill this gap and provides data applicable to government bodies, NGOs, universities, researchers, and individuals.