Morphometric Analysis and Sex Determination of Clavicles in Nepalese Population

The clavicle is one of the most reliable bones for sex determination in forensic and anthropological investigations. This study aims to analyze morphometric parameters of the clavicle and establish sex determination criteria in the Nepalese population. A total of 52 clavicles, 28 male clavicles (Right-14 and Left-14) and 24 female clavicles (Right-12 and Left-12) were collected from the Department of Anatomy, National Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Birgunj, Nepal. Standard measurements—including mean length of male right and left clavicles were 125.47±4.95 mm and 126.20±5.07 mm. Similarly, the length of the female right and left clavicles was 107.98±5.97 mm and 112.43±4.31 mm recorded using a Vernier caliper, and the mean mid-shaft circumference of male right and left clavicles was 36.89±4.77 mm and 37.42±4.39 mm. Similarly, the mean midshaft-circumference of female right and left clavicles was 30.43±0.18mm and 30.42±0.24 mm recorded using measuring tape. Statistical analysis was performed by using GraphPad Prism 8.4.2. to compare measurements between male and female clavicles of the right and left sides. Results are expected to show that female clavicles are significantly longer in females, but the midshaft circumference of left male clavicles is slightly more than left clavicles; similarly, female right clavicles are slightly longer than left sides, with notable bilateral variations. These findings will provide population-specific reference data useful for forensic identification, anatomical research, and medico-legal cases in Nepal.