NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ADVANCED MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

Understanding and manipulating matter at dimensions between 1 and 100 nm, where special phenomena allow for fresh applications, is referred to as Nanotechnology. The rapid growth of nanotechnology throughout the world is evidence of the revolutionary potential of spotting a notion or trend and outlining a vision at the synergistic intersection of various study fields. Drug delivery is the main and most effective application of nanotechnology due to the combination of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Because of their small size and ability to be delivered via intravenous and other methods, nanoparticle drug delivery systems have the advantages of reducing irritating reactions and improving penetration within the body. The nano-tools used in different fields of medicine, industries are dendrimers, nano scaffolds, nanoshells, nano emulsions, polymeric micelle, quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticle etc. The development of nanotechnology has increased the efficiency of gene sequencing. Fluorescent nanoparticles like quantum dots, PEBBLES and perflurocarbon were effectively employed for screening and diagnosis of chronic and infectious diseases. Several nanoparticles based therapeutic drug delivery systems have been specifically formulated for treatment of cancer, tumors also improve medication site-specific targeting, preventing the delivered drug's accumulation to lesson the off-target effect. Micro/nanorobots have the potential to aid in medical diagnosis by providing an accurate diagnosis of disease and critical signals, enabling the delivery of therapeutic payloads deep inside diseased tissue or the sampling of tissue. A variety of nanomaterials based on lipids, polymers, graphene, carbon nanotubes, nanospheres have been employed as gene delivery systems. Nanomaterials can be used successfully for stem cell therapy, respiratory diseases, neurological disorders, dermatology and dentistry. Nanotechnology can benefit every element of human existence with more research. Nutraceuticals, regenerative medicine, stem cell research, and medicine are some of the top fields that will be affected by advances in nanotechnology.