Applications and Architecture for UWB Localization in Aircraft Cabins and Aviation

Obtaining data from real-time location systems (RTLS) is critical in aviation for enhancing operational workflows, reliability, and passenger services. For example, applications such as wheelchair tracking, baggage management, seat-specific service delivery, and equipment monitoring require accurate and continuous positioning information within both aircraft cabins and airport terminals. Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology, characterized by high accuracy for indoor localization, low latency and robustness against interference, can be employed to address these needs. This paper presents a platform architecture utilizing UWB localization that can be integrated into the cabin and can be certified in accordance with aviation regulations to support various applications on ground and in-flight. The architecture comprises modular edge cloud systems deployed across aircraft and ground environment, interconnected to enable efficient data exchange and hosting of location-based services. The onboard system integrates the ARINC 853 Cabin Secure Media-Independent Messaging (CSMIM) standard to ensure secure and standardized communication of localization data across the cabin network. The overall UWB RTLS is based on Kubernetes edge cloud platforms enabling the deployment and management of various location-based applications. Secure communication between aircraft and ground edge clouds is maintained through a virtual private network (VPN). Exemplary use cases include wheelchair tracking across airport and cabin environment and passenger-tailored onboard services such as meal ordering and serving tied to seat localization. The presented system and architecture support improvements in process efficiency and the delivery of personalized services, contributing to a unified, data-driven and smart aviation ecosystem.