"REVOLUTIONIZING TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY WITH LIPOSOMES: PROGRESS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS"

Abstract Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have emerged as a revolutionary approach to drug administration,offering advantages such as non-invasiveness, bypassing first-pass metabolism, and improving patientcompliance. However, the effectiveness of TDDS is limited by the skin's natural barrier function, particularlythe stratum corneum, which restricts drug permeation. Liposomes, lipid-based vesicles, have gainedprominence in overcoming these limitations due to their ability to enhance drug permeation, improve stability,and provide controlled release.This review highlights the mechanisms by which liposomes facilitate transdermal drug delivery, including theirinteractions with the skin's lipid bilayers and the encapsulation of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Recentadvancements in liposomal TDDS over the past five years are discussed, focusing on deformable liposomes,stimuli-responsive systems, and hybrid nanocarriers. The review also delves into specific applications intherapeutic areas such as hormonal therapy pain management, and dermatological treatments.Despite their potential, challenges such as stability issues, high production costs, and scalability constraintsremain significant barriers to their widespread application. Future research is directed towards optimizingliposomal formulations through advanced manufacturing techniques, functionalization strategies, andintegration with emerging technologies like artificial intelligence. This review underscores the promise ofliposomal TDDS as a transformative technology in drug delivery while addressing the critical challenges thatmust be overcome for their successful clinical translation.