Acute appendicitis in an immunocompromised patient following liver transplantation: A case report

Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most frequent emergency surgical condition globally, requiring early diagnosis and surgical intervention. In immunocompromised individuals, such as transplant recipients on immunosuppressive treatment, the disease can present with an unusual signs and symptoms, which can result in diagnostic delays and an increased risk of complications. We report the case of a 54-year-old male patient who has undergone orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and is currently on Tacrolimus therapy. The patient presented nonspecific abdominal symptoms, absence of fever, and increased inflammatory markers. Imaging studies verified acute appendicitis along with localized peritonitis. A laparoscopic appendectomy had been performed, followed by an uneventful postoperative course. Histopathology verified phlegmonous appendicitis along with fibrino-purulent periappendicitis. This case highlights the necessity of advanced clinical attention, prompt diagnostic imaging, and a laparoscopic approach in immunocompromised individuals.