Why is Egypt Building a New Capital City?

The Egyptian government’s decision to construct a New Administrative Capital (NAC) back in March 2015 appears to be linked with the nation’s 2013 political crisis. This dissertation explores how the NAC serves as a weapon for El-Sisi and his government to consolidate power, suppress dissent, and gain legitimacy through international prestige. The 2013 political crisis, referenced in the 2013 U.S. State Department’s Human Rights Report on Egypt, was marked by the military’s forceful removal of their former President, Mohamed Morsi, which led to widespread political unrest and the repression of Egyptian citizens. It can also be argued that this crisis has motivated El-Sisi and his government to construct an NAC, as this new capital city appears to be more than just a mere urban development project, with critics claiming that it represents the Egyptian government’s goal to gain complete control over the nation. By relocating government ministries from Cairo, it can be established that El-Sisi’s regime reduces any chances for public demonstrations against him and his government. Aside from playing the role of suppressing citizens, it can be argued that the NAC represents El-Sisi’s strategy of authoritarian consolidation. Some have already assumed that the Egyptian government have promised economic growth and efficiency for Egypt through the NAC, but through a calculated plan, ensuring that they remain unchallenged by the Egyptian people who strive for democratic freedom.