Synthesis of Calcium Silicate Hydrate from PV waste glass and carbide waste sludge in Water and NaOH medium toward the Cr(III) removal in waste water

Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) is a crucial material with diverse applications in construction, interior/exterior decoration, and high-tech industries due to its unique mechanical and physical properties. This study explores synthesizing CSH from recycled waste, specifically using photovoltaic (PV) waste glass as a silicon source and carbide sludge as a calcium source. This approach promotes industrial waste treatment, environmental protection, and a circular economy. We synthesized CSH under various hydrothermal conditions ( NaOH and H2O at 180°C for 96 hours) and analyzed the resulting materials using XRD, FT-IR, and SEM to identify phase compositions and characteristic structures. Furthermore, we tested the CSH samples for chromium adsorption by immersing them in simulated Cr (III) wastewater and analyzing them with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The synthesized materials exhibited crystal structures similar to Xonotlite and Tobermorite minerals, achieving an impressive Cr( III ) adsorption efficiency of up to 98.9%. This research highlights the potential of using waste materials to synthesize CSH via a hydrothermal method and demonstrates its effectiveness in removing Cr( III) from wastewater, suggesting further investigation into its adsorption capacity for other heavy metals.