Feasibility and Acceptability of Tap Dance as a Therapeutic Intervention for Adults with Lower Limb Amputation: A Pilot Study

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of an 8-week adapted tap dance program as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with lower limb amputation (LLA). Methods Three participants with LLA (two with unilateral transfemoral amputation and one with bilateral transtibial amputations) attended weekly 1-hour tap dance classes, with movements adapted for their needs and mobility aids and dance barres available as needed. The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) and participant feedback assessed acceptability. Functional mobility, balance and quality of life were measured using the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, Timed Up-and-Go (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Four Square Step Test (FSST), and Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale (TAPES). Results All participants (P1-3) completed the classes with adaptations. PACES scores indicated moderate to high enjoyment, and participants reported increased confidence in daily activities. However, two experienced physical discomfort and one found weekly attendance challenging. Functional outcomes varied: P1 improved on the TUG and FSST but had reduced ABC and QOL scores. P2 improved on the BBS but showed no change in QOL, while P3 reported fewer activity limitations and improved QOL after the intervention. Conclusion Adapted tap dance may be a feasible and acceptable activity for individuals with LLA, offering potential improvements in balance, mobility, and QOL. Some caution is needed regarding physical discomfort, and larger studies are required to determine efficacy. This program could fill a gap in exercise options outside of traditional physical therapy for people with LLA.