PIRACY AND WATERWAYS SECURITY IN NIGERIA

Piracy poses a significant maritime security challenge in Nigeria, particularly in the Gulf of Guinea region, impacting vessel safety, crew welfare, and economic activities. This research examines the root causes, patterns, and impacts of piracy on Nigerian waters, as well as the effectiveness of existing security measures. The study employs a qualitative research design, conducting a comprehensive analysis of literature and empirical evidence. Rational Choice Theory serves as the theoretical framework, suggesting that pirates weigh the potential gains against the risks of engaging in criminal activities. Key findings from the literature review highlight the prevalence of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, driven by factors such as poverty, unemployment, weak law enforcement, and the lucrative nature of maritime crime. Current security measures, while showing some progress, face challenges due to resource constraints, coordination gaps, and limited regional cooperation. The implications of piracy extend beyond immediate security concerns, inflicting significant economic costs on Nigeria's maritime industry, deterring investment, and hampering regional development efforts. In conclusion, addressing piracy in Nigerian waters requires a comprehensive and coordinated approach. The study recommends increasing maritime surveillance and patrols, strengthening regional collaboration and information-sharing, amongst others.