Methodology for metrological evaluation of accuracy and precision in digital and analog dental restoration manufacturing technologies based on international standards

This article presents an extended methodology for the metrological evaluation of the accuracy and precision of digital and analog technologies for manufacturing dental restorations. The proposed approach is based on international standards ISO 12836:2015 and ISO TR 20896 2:2023 and is supplemented by the analysis of the influence of critically significant factors, including the operator factor, scanning parameters (length and trajectory), and environmental conditions. The statistical procedures for data processing, covering normality testing (Shapiro–Wilk test) and the application of group comparison criteria (ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis), are detailed. Modern requirements for the metrological control of digital scanning devices and traditional gypsum models are summarized, procedures for equipment calibration and sample preparation are described, methodologies for quantitative assessment of trueness and precision are elaborated, and approaches to statistical analysis and interpretation of results are provided to ensure high reproducibility and objectivity in dental laboratory research.