Green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles from Solanum lycopersicum and evaluation of their antidiabetic effect in rats

This study investigates the green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) using Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) extract and evaluates their antidiabetic effect in rats. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) being the common and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus was therapeutically targeted. The synthesized MgO NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, phase contrast microscopy, FTIR, SEM-EDS, particle size and zeta potential analyser, and TEM. The antidiabetic neuropathic effect of the Solanum lycopersicum-derived MgO NPs was assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by measuring biochemical parameters (blood glucose, HbA1c, and insulin levels), performing histopathological analysis of various brain regions, and conducting behavioral tests to evaluate nociception and motor activity. The results indicate the successful green synthesis of MgO NPs from Solanum lycopersicum and demonstrate their potential to ameliorate diabetic neuropathy in rats, suggesting a promising antidiabetic effect.