Diagnostic Utility of P57 Immunomarker in Differentiating Complete and Partial Hydatidiform Mole

Objective: To assess diagnostic utility of p57 in differentiating complete and partial hydatidiform mole. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology department at Chugtai's Institute of Pathology, Lahore, Pakistan for a period of six months starting from 1st January 2022 to 30th June 2022. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 cases of molar pregnancies were included in this study. Age, gross findings, and histomorphological features were noted. p57KIP2 immunostain was applied on diagnostic histology slide for definitive subtyping into complete and partial mole. The Chi-squared test and Fisher Exact test were used to assess associations between different variables, with statistical analysis conducted using SPSS version 26. Results: The preliminary diagnosis based on morphology alone revealed 29 (58%) cases of complete mole while 21 (42%) cases of partial mole. However, when p57 antibody was interpreted in conjugation with histology the final diagnosis revealed 37 (74%) cases turned out to be complete mole and 13 (26%) cases were categorized as partial mole. Conclusion: p57KIP2 immunostain is a useful and reliable ancillary test to reach final diagnosis which helps in accurate diagnosis in the best interest of patients.