Unveiling the anticancer power of vinca rosea leaves: A pharmacognostical and phytochemical approach

Vinca rosea (Catharanthus roseus), a medicinal plant of significant pharmacological importance, has garnered attention for its potent anticancer properties. This study presents a comprehensive pharmacognostical and phytochemical evaluation of V. rosea leaves, emphasizing their role in cancer therapy. Pharmacognostical parameters including macroscopic, microscopic, and physicochemical characteristics were documented to ensure standardization and quality control. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of major secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. Notably, vinca alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine, known for disrupting microtubule dynamics and arresting mitosis, were identified. These compounds are clinically used in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease, leukemia, and other malignancies. The findings affirm the therapeutic potential of V. rosea leaves and support their further exploration as a reliable source of plant-derived chemotherapeutics. This study highlights the relevance of integrating pharmacognostic tools in identifying and validating phytoconstituents with anticancer efficacy.