Comparative study on the In vitro Anti-Arthritic Potential of Different Extracts of Cassia javanica

Abstract - Arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by joint pain, swelling, and progressivedisability, Current therapeutic agents such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide symptomaticrelief but are often associated with adverse effects upon ling-term use. Hence, the search for safer plant-basedalternatives is of great importance. The present study evaluated the in vitro anti-arthritic activity of different extractof Cassia javanica using three established methods: Inhibition of protein denaturation (Bovine serum albumin andegg albumin assays) and Proteinase inhibition assay. The results revealed that all extracts of Cassia javanicaexhibited varying degrees of inhibition of protein denaturation and proteinase activity in a dose-dependent manner.Among them, the Ethanolic extract of Cassia javanica (EECJ) showed the highest inhibition (upto 87% in BSA, 87%in egg albumin, and 80% in proteinase assay) at 500μg/ml, demonstrating activity comparable to diclofenac sodium,the reference drug. Petroleum ether extract (PEECJ) also exhibited strong inhibitory effects, whereas Chloroform(CECJ), Aqueous (AECJ), and Ethyl acetate (EAECJ) extracts displayed moderate activity. These findings validatethe traditional use of Cassia javanica in inflammatory disorders and highlight its potential as a natural source of anti-arthritic agents. Further phytochemical investigations and in vivo studies are required to isolate active compounds and explore their mechanism of action for therapeutic development.