Alterations in Urine Parameters Following One Week of Hydrochlorothiazide Consumption in Hypertensive Individuals

Introduction: Hydrochlorothiazide is widely prescribed for managing hypertension. Despite its extensive use, there is a significant lack of scientific literature addressing its impact on 24-hour urine parameters. This study aims to investigate these effects by comparing parameters derived from 24-hour urine collection tests before and after hydrochlorothiazide administration.Methods: This prospective before-and-after study was conducted from 2021 to 2022 at the medical facilities affiliated with the Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch. Adhering to university-approved research protocols, participants were instructed to provide 24-hour urine samples before initiating hydrochlorothiazide treatment. One week later, a second set of 24-hour urine samples was collected following the administration of hydrochlorothiazide. This methodology allowed for the comparison of urine parameters before and after the intervention.Results: Among the eight variables analyzed—volume, protein, creatinine, albumin, uric acid, citrate, and pH—six showed P-values greater than 0.05, indicating no statistically significant differences between the pre-and post-treatment tests. However, calcium and citrate levels exhibited P-values less than 0.05, indicating a significant decrease in their mean values following hydrochlorothiazide administration.Conclusion: The study findings show a significant impact of HCTZ on urinary calcium and citrate levels, with both parameters demonstrating a statistically significant decrease after treatment.